Segment for constructing tunnels



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. H. HALL.

SEGMENT FOR OONSTRUGTING TUNNELS.

No. 341,002. Patented May 4, 1886;.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. H. HALL.

SEGMENT FOR GONSTRUGTING TUNNELS.

No. 341,002. Patented May 4, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAYDEN H. HALL, or NEW HAMBURG, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO RICHARD H. BULL,on NEW YORK, N. Y.

SEGMENTFOR CONSTRUGTING TUNNELS.

SFECEIPICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent N0. 341,002, dated May 4,1886.

Application filed April13, 1885. Serial No.162,1-l0.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAYDEN H. HALL, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of New Hamburg, in the county of Dutehess and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Segments forConstructing Tunnels and Tubes, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention consists, first, of atunnel frame or shell composed of aseries of non-corrosive segmental plates consisti 11g of wh ite castchilled metal made with flanges, the flanges of each segment beingprovided in casting with boltholes to correspond with each other, bywhich I 5 the several segments are bolted together to form thetunnel-shell of the desired form; and my invention consists, second,ofmolded tubular segmental plates composed of white east chilled metalmade with projecting flanges hav- 2O ing molded bolt-holes therein, bywhich a series of them can be bolted together to form a tunnel tube orpipe.

The following is a description of my improved tunnel frame or shell andof the segmental plates composing it, the points of novelty beingdesignated by the claims concluding this specification.

In the drawings, Figure l is avertical crosssectional view of a moldhaving a segmental o platethcrein. Fig.2isalongitudinalsectional viewthereof. Fig. 8 is an end view,and Fig. 4 a side elevation, of acompleted segmental plate. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal, and Fig. 7 atransverse, section of a tunnel frame or shell 5 made upon the plan ofmy invention. Fig. 6

is a longitudinal elevation of the same.

It has heretofore been proposed to make the shell or frame of submarinetunnels of segments or sections of cast or wrought iron, the

0 several segments and sections being bolted together in a mannerverysimila-r to that adopted by me; but the method and materialheretofore used in the construction of the segmental plates haveresulted in the production of a 5 worthless tube or tunnel frame.

The scgmentsbeingmade of wrought or cast iron,and having the holesdrilled for the uniting-bolts, sueha tunnel frame orshell is easilyconstructed, but corrosion sets in at once, and

in a short time it is consumed or practically destroyed by rust, eitherin salt or fresh wa- (N0 model.)

ter; but by making the shell or tube of mold- ,ed segments composed ofwhite cast-iron, having the bolt-holes made in the operation of moldingand casting, and the whole chilled, the resulting tube is substantiallynon-corrosive, and will endure indefinitely. Such a shell or tube isreadily made in the manner illustrated.

In the drawings, A is the body of asegment, made of white east chilledmetal, the turned edge B of the segment having holes D cast therein, forthe purpose set forth. In casting the segments I use a heavy cast-ironmold con sisting of bottom E, provided with perforated lugs F,whichextend through perforations in the sides G, also made of heavy cast1netal,and are secured in place by wedges or pins H. A heavy cast-irontop piece or frame, I, provided with depending edge J, fits around thetop of the mold,and is filled with molding-sand K, forming the innershape of the segment provided with filling and vent holes, as indicated.

L are cores of compressed plumbago or other suitable substance,fittinginto holes in the sides of the molds, said cores leaving the holesD inthe segment.

There is scarcely any limitto the durability, strength, length, and sizeof tunnel that may be constructed upon this plan, and the shell may bemade single or double, as may be re So quired, the intervening spacebeingfilled with brick, laid in cement or other suitable filling.

In molding the segments provision is prefer ably made to form grooves inthe adjoining faces 'of the flanges to receive a non-corrosive packingor cement that willform a Water-tight joint between the several platesas they are put together to form the tube, and in joining the platesbolts and nuts should be used that have been thoroughly galvanized, thusmaking the whole structure non-corrosive, the principal object of theinvention being to make a submarine tunnel of metal that can be readilyand cheaply produced andput together, and that can be made of anydesired strength and size, and that shall be practically non-corrosive.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new therein,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A segment made of whitecast chilled ICL metal, having inwardly-extending edges with holestherein for securing said segments together to form a tunnel orwater-pipe, substantially as shown and described.

2; A segment for constructing tunnels 0r water-pipes, said segmentsbeingconstructed nal flanges and bolt-holes, by which the severalsections are tied together to form the tunnel or tube, substantially asdescribed.

Signed at New York in the county of New 15 York and State of New York,this 2d day of April, A. D. 1885.

, HAYDEN H. HALL,

\Vituesses:

W. J. MORGAN, A. M. PIERCE,

